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Tyumen (Тюме´нь) is a city in Russia, administrative center of Tyumen Oblast in the Urals Federal District.
It stands on the Tura River 2144 km east of Moscow, at 57°10′ N 65°30′ E
Population 510,700 (census 2002).
In the 17th-18th centuries Tyumen became an important trade center on the routes to Central Asia, China and Persia. As well as an important leather goods and handcraft making town. In 1763 about 7, 000 people lived in Tyumen.
In 1836 the first steam boat of Siberia was built in Tyumen and in 1885 the town was reached by Trans-Siberian Railway.
During the Russian Civil War Tyumen was first controlled by admiral Alexander Kolchak and his Siberian White Army, but in January of 1918 was taken by the Red Army.
During the 1930s Tyumen became a major Siberian industrial city of the Soviet Union. Steam-boats, cargo ships, furniture, fur and leather clothing were produced in Tyumen.
During the Great Patriotic War numerous factories were evacuated to Tyumen from the European part of the Soviet Union and all kinds of military equipment was made in the city. On August 14, 1944 Tyumen became the capital of extensive Tyumen Oblast. In 1948 oil was discovered in Tyumen region and in the 1960s and 1970s Oil industry became a vital component of the city's economy.
Famous people born in Tyumen: