Shaanxi
Shaanxi
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<catset>Category="Provinces of the People's Republic of China"</catset><catset>Category="Shaanxi"</catset><dl> <dt><dd><i>Not to be confused with the neighboring province of <a href="Shanxi">Shanxi</a></i> </dl><p><right><p><table cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"><tr><td> <caption><font size=+1> <b><font face='Arial Unicode MS,Code2000'>&#38485;&#35199;&#30465;</font><br>Sh<font face='Arial Unicode MS,Code2000'>&#462;</font>nx&#299; Sh&#283;ng</b></font></caption> </td></tr><tr><td align=center colspan=2 style=" border-bottom:3px solid gray;"><font size=-1><a href="Abbreviation">Abbreviation</a>(s):  <font face='Arial Unicode MS,Code2000'>&#38485;</font> or <font face='Arial Unicode MS,Code2000'>&#31206;</font> (<a href="Pinyin">Pinyin</a>:  Sh<font face='Arial Unicode MS,Code2000'>&#462;</font>n or Qín)</font></td></tr><tr><td align=center colspan=2>[image]</td></tr><tr><td width=50%><b>Origin of name</b></td><td><font face='Arial Unicode MS,Code2000'>&#38485;</font> sh<font face='Arial Unicode MS,Code2000'>&#462;</font>n - Shan County, <a href="Henan">Henan</a><br><font face='Arial Unicode MS,Code2000'>&#35199;</font> x&#299; - west<br>"west of Shan County"</td></tr><tr><td><b>Administration type</b></td><td><a href="Province of China">Province</a></td></tr><tr><td><b>Capital</b></td><td><a href="Xi'an">Xi'an</a></td></tr><tr><td><b>Largest city</b></td><td><a href="Xi'an">Xi'an</a></td></tr><tr><td><b><a href="Communist Party of China">CPC</a>  Shaanxi Committee Secretary</b></td><td>Li Jianguo</td></tr><tr><td><b> Governor</b></td><td><a href="Chen Deming">Chen Deming</a></td></tr><tr><td><b><a href="Area">Area</a></b></td><td>205,800 <a href="Square metre">km²</a> (<a href="List of China administrative regions by area"> 11th</a>)</td></tr><tr><td><b><a href="Population">Population</a></b> (<a href="2003">2003</a>)<br>&nbsp;- <a href="Population density">Density</a></td><td>36,900,000 (<a href="List of China administrative regions by population"> 17th</a>)<br>179/km² (<a href="List of China administrative regions by population density"> 22nd</a>)</td></tr><tr><td><b><a href="Gross domestic product">GDP</a></b> (<a href="2003">2003</a>)<br>&nbsp;- per capita</td><td><a href="Renminbi">CNY</a>  239.9 billion (<a href="List of China administrative regions by gross domestic product"> 22nd</a>)<br><a href="Renminbi">CNY</a>  6500 (<a href="List of China administrative regions by GDP per capita"> 25th</a>)</td></tr><tr><td><b>Major <a href="Nationalities of China">nationalities</a></b> (<a href="2000">2000</a>)</td><td><a href="Han Chinese">Han</a> - 99.5%<br><a href="Hui people">Hui</a> - 0.4%</td></tr><tr><td><b><a href="Prefecture of China">Prefecture-level divisions</a></b></td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td><b><a href="County of China">County-level divisions</a></b></td><td>107</td></tr><tr><td><b><a href="Township (China)">Township-level divisions</a></b><br>(<a href="December 31">December 31</a>, <a href="2004">2004</a>)</td><td>1745</td></tr><tr><td><b><a href="ISO 3166-2">ISO 3166-2</a></b></td><td>CN- 61</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 align=center><b>Official <a href="Website">Website</a></b>:<br><font color=#700070> www.shaanxi.gov.cn</font> (<a href="Simplified Chinese character">Simplified Chinese</a>)</td></tr></table><p></right> <b>Shaanxi</b> (<a href="Simplified Chinese character">Simplified Chinese</a>: <font face='Arial Unicode MS,Code2000'>&#38485;&#35199;</font>; <a href="Traditional Chinese character">Traditional Chinese</a>: <font face='Arial Unicode MS,Code2000'>&#38493;&#35199;</font>; <a href="Pinyin">Pinyin</a>: <span style="font-family:'arial unicode ms'; font-family /**/:inherit;">Sh<font face='Arial Unicode MS,Code2000'>&#462;</font>nx&#299;</span>; <a href="Wade-Giles">Wade-Giles</a>: Shan-hsi; <a href="Postal System Pinyin">Postal System Pinyin</a>: <b>Shensi</b>, pronounced like "Shahn-shee") is a north-central <a href="Political divisions of China">province</a> of the <a href="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a>, and includes portions of the <a href="Loess Plateau">Loess Plateau</a> on the middle reaches of the <a href="Huang He">Yellow River</a> as well as the <a href="Qinling Mountains">Qinling</a> Mountains across the southern part of the province.<p>By regular <a href="Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a> rules, both Shaanxi and the neighbouring province of <a href="Shanxi">Shanxi</a> should be spelled as "Shanxi", and the difference is in tone: Sh&#257;nx&#299; and Sh<font face='Arial Unicode MS,Code2000'>&#462;</font>nx&#299;. To make the difference clear even without tonal marks, the spelling "Shaanxi" was contrived for the province of Sh<font face='Arial Unicode MS,Code2000'>&#462;</font>nx&#299;, while "Shanxi" is used for the province of Sh&#257;nx&#299;.<h2 style="margin: 0; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; font-size: 150%;">History</h2>Shaanxi (and the city of <a href="Xi'an">Xi'an</a> therein) are considered one of the cradles of Chinese civilization. 13 feudal dynasties have established their capitals in this province during a span of more than 1100 years, from the Zhou dynasty to the Tang dynasty. It is also the starting point of the <a href="Silk Road">Silk Road</a> which leads to <a href="Europe">Europe</a>, <a href="Arabian Peninsula">Arabia</a> and <a href="Africa">Africa</a>.<p>During the <a href="Mongols">Mongol</a> rule in the 13th century, Shaanxi became a provincial unit. In the ensuing years, wars and famine had decimated and depopulated the province. As a result, large populations of <a href="Muslim">Muslims</a>, or <a href="Hui people">Hui people</a>, emerged, as evident today. Under the <a href="Ming Dynasty">Ming Dynasty</a>, Shaanxi was incorporated into Gansu but was again separated in the <a href="Qing Dynasty">Qing Dynasty</a>.<p>One of the most devastating <a href="Earthquake">earthquakes</a> in history occurred near <a href="Mount Hua">Hua Shan</a>, in south-eastern part of Shaanxi Province on <a href="January 24">January 24</a>, <a href="1556">1556</a>, killing an estimated 830,000 people.  (See <a href="1556 Shaanxi earthquake">1556 Shaanxi earthquake</a>)<p>See also: <a href="Chang'an">Chang'an</a>, <a href="Zhou Dynasty">Zhou Dynasty</a>, <a href="Qin Dynasty">Qin Dynasty</a>, <a href="Han Dynasty">Han Dynasty</a>, <a href="Sui Dynasty">Sui Dynasty</a> and <a href="Tang Dynasty">Tang Dynasty</a>.<h2 style="margin: 0; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; font-size: 150%;">Geography</h2><a href="Desert">Desert</a> in the north along the border with <a href="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a>, the Loess Plateau in the central part of the province, the Qinling mountains running east to west in the south central part, and subtropical climate south of the Qinling mountains.<p>The northern part of Shaanxi is cold in the winter and very hot in summer with dry winter and spring. Its southern portion generally receives more rain. Annual mean temperature is roughly between 9°c and 16°c with January temperature ranging from -11°c to 3.5°c and July temperature ranging from 21°c to 28°c.<p>Other cities include: Baoji, <a href="Hanzhong">Hanzhong</a>, <a href="Lintong">Lintong</a>, Tongchuan, <a href="Xianyang">Xianyang</a>, <a href="Yan'an">Yan'an</a>, <a href="Ankang">Ankang</a>.<h2 style="margin: 0; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; font-size: 150%;">Economy</h2>Shaanxi's nominal GDP for <a href="2003">2003</a> was 239.9 RMB (28.9 billion USD) and GDP Per Capita was 6536 RMB (789 USD).<h2 style="margin: 0; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; font-size: 150%;">Demographics</h2>Nearly all the people in Shaanxi are comprised of ethnic <a href="Han">Han</a> Chinese, with pockets of <a href="Hui people">Hui</a> population in the north western region (adjacent to Ningxia). The southern part of Shaanxi -- where its provincial capital of Xi'an is located -- is more populated compared to the northern part.<h2 style="margin: 0; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; font-size: 150%;">Culture</h2><ul><li> <a href="Qinqiang">Qinqiang</a>, the representative folk opera of Shaanxi </ul><h2 style="margin: 0; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; font-size: 150%;">Tourism</h2><ul><li> <a href="Banpo">Banpo</a> Neolithic village, near Xi'an <li> <a href="Daqin Pagoda">Daqin Pagoda</a> <li> Imperial mausoleums <ul> <li> <a href="Zhao Mausoleum">Zhao Mausoleum</a> </ul> <li> Mount Huashan, one of the five most famous mountains in China.  <li> Mount Taibaishan, the highest peak of the <a href="Qinling Mountains">Qinling</a> Range. <li> <a href="Terracotta Army">Mausoleum and Terracotta Army Museum</a> of the <a href="Qin Shi Huang">First Qin Emperor</a> in Xi'an (<a href="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>) <li> The city of <a href="Xi'an">Xi'an</a>: City Walls, Great Mosque, Bell Tower and Drum Tower, <a href="Stele Forest">Forest of Stone Steles Museum</a>, <a href="Shaanxi History Museum">Shaanxi History Museum</a>, Wild Goose Pagoda <li> <a href="Yan'an">Yan'an</a>, the destination of the <a href="Long March">Long March</a> and the center of Chinese Communist revolution from 1935 to 1948 </ul><h2 style="margin: 0; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; font-size: 150%;">Miscellaneous topics</h2>Professional sports teams based in Shaanxi include: <ul> <li> <a href="Chinese Basketball Association">Chinese Basketball Association</a> <ul> <li> <a href="Shaanxi Kylins">Shaanxi Kylins</a> </ul> <li> <a href="Football Association of the People's Republic of China">Chinese Football Association</a> Jia League <ul> <li> Xi'an Anxinyuan </ul> </ul><h2 style="margin: 0; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; font-size: 150%;">External links</h2><ul><li><font color=#700070> The official website of Shaanxi</font> <li><font color=#700070> Travel guide to Shaanxi</font> <li>[ Large map of Shaanxi] </ul><p> <center><p><table cellspacing=0 width=85%><tr bgcolor=ccccff><td align=center><b><a href="Political divisions of China">Province-level divisions</a> administered by the <a href="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a></b></td><td align=right>[image] </td></tr><tr><td colspan=3> <table><tr><td align=left style="font-size: 90%; vertical-align: top;"><b><a href="Province of China">Provinces</a></b>…:</td><td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="Anhui">Anhui</a> | <a href="Fujian">Fujian</a> | <a href="Gansu">Gansu</a> | <a href="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> | <a href="Guizhou">Guizhou</a> | <a href="Hainan">Hainan</a> | <a href="Hebei">Hebei</a> | <a href="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a> | <a href="Henan">Henan</a> | <a href="Hubei">Hubei</a> | <a href="Hunan">Hunan</a> | <a href="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a> | <a href="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a>  | <a href="Jilin">Jilin</a> | <a href="Liaoning">Liaoning</a> | <a href="Qinghai">Qinghai</a> | Shaanxi | <a href="Shandong">Shandong</a> | <a href="Shanxi">Shanxi</a> | <a href="Sichuan">Sichuan</a> | <a href="Yunnan">Yunnan</a> | <a href="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a></td></tr><tr><td align=left style="font-size: 90%; vertical-align: top;"><b><a href="Autonomous entities of China">Autonomous&nbsp;Regions</a></b>:</td><td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="Guangxi">Guangxi</a> | <a href="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a> | <a href="Ningxia">Ningxia</a> | <a href="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet</a> | <a href="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a></td></tr><tr><td align=left style="font-size: 90%; vertical-align: top;"><b><a href="Municipality of China">Municipalities</a></b>:</td><td align=left style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="Beijing">Beijing</a> | <a href="Chongqing">Chongqing</a> | <a href="Shanghai">Shanghai</a> | <a href="Tianjin">Tianjin</a></td></tr><tr><td align=left style="font-size: 90%; vertical-align: top;"><b><a href="Special Administrative Region">Special&nbsp;Administrative&nbsp;Regions</a></b>:</td><td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> | <a href="Macau">Macau</a> </td></tr><tr><td></td><td align=left style="font-size: 90%;">… See also: <a href="Political status of Taiwan">Political status of Taiwan</a> <div style="float: right;"></div></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p></center>