Quedlinburg
| Map | |
|---|---|
| Statistics | |
| State: | Saxony-Anhalt |
| District: | Quedlinburg |
| Area: | 78.13 kmē |
| Population: | 23,620(31 December 2002) |
| Population density: | 302/kmē |
| Elevation: | 123.5-182.6 m |
| Postal code: | 06484 |
| Area/distance code: | 03946 |
| Location: | 51°47′ N 11°09′ E |
| Municipal code: | 15 3 64 016 |
| Car registration: | QLB |
| Address of the city administration: | Markt 1 Quedlinburg 06484 |
| Website: | www.quedlinburg.de |
The city of Quedlinburg in the German Bundesland of Saxony-Anhalt has existed since at least the early ninth century, when a settlement known as Gross Orden existed at the site of the modern Quedlinburg. As such the city is first mentioned in 922, as part of a donation by Henry the Fowler. The records of this donation were collected at the abbey of Corvey.
After Henry's death in 936, his widow St Mathilde founded a women's convent on what's called "Castle Hill" today, where daughters of the higher nobility were educated. The main task of this convent was to pray for the memory of king Henry and the rulers that came after him. The first abbess of the convent was Mathilde, granddaughter of Henry and St Mathilde.
The Quedlinburg castle complex, founded by Otto I the Great in 936, was an imperial palatinate of the Saxon emperors. The palatinate was in the valley, where nowadays the Catholic church of St Wiperti is situated, while the convent worked on the castle hill.
In 961 and 963 a Canon's monastery was established in St Wiperti south of the castle hill. It was abandoned in the 17th century, and at one time the church, which boasts a magnificent crypt from the 9th century, was even used as a barn and a pigsty before being restored in the 1950's.
In 972 a Reichstag (Imperial Convention) was held at the court of emperor Otto I the Great where many nobles, including Mieszko, duke of Poland and Boleslav, duke of Bohemia, and even nobles from as far away as Byzantine, gathered to pay homage to the emperor. It was here that Otto the Great introduced his new daughter-in-law Theophanu, a Byzantine princess whose marriage to Otto II brought hope for recognition and continued peace between the rulers of the Eastern and Western empires.
In 994 Otto III gives the right of market, tax and coining and established the first market place to the north of the castle hill. Between the upcoming town and the women's convent there was a struggle for power in the area that lasted the following centuries until the convent was finally abandoned in 1802.
During Nazi reign the memory of Henry I became a sort of "cult", as Himmler saw himself as the reincarnation of the "most German of all German" rulers. The collegiate church and castle were to be turned into a shrine for Nazi Germany.
After the 1945 take-over by the communists many buildings deteriorated. At one point the regime of the former GDR considered tearing down most of the inner town, as most buildings were declared too derelict to maintain. Thankfully there was not sufficient funding for this massive destruction. In the 1980's, restoration specialists from Poland were called in to carry out repairs on the old architecture, now one of the biggest selling points of the town. In the innermost parts of the town you find a wide selection of half-timbered buildings from at least five different centuries, while around the outer fringes of the old town there are wonderful examples of Art Nouveau buildings, mainly dating from the early 20th century.
Since December 1994 the old town of Quedlinburg and the castle mount with the collegiate church are listed as one of UNESCO's World Heritage Sites.