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Kafir (Arabic: كافر kāfir; plural كفّار kuffār) is an Arabic word meaning "disbeliever", "denier" or "concealer." The Turkish form is Gavur. In a religious context it generally means a person who is not of the People of the Book, however it is often used to mean "person who disbelieves in Islam" or "Infidel" . The noun kufr means "not believing in God" or "blasphemy, Atheism." In Fiqh, the term amounts to the equivalent of Christian Excommunication. The verb, "to declare someone a kafir" is Takfir. For example, the novelist Salman Rushdie was declared a kafir in the Fatwa of Ayatollah Khomeini.
According to some scholars in Islam, the correct use of the word kafir in Islamic Theology does not include either Christians, Samaritans, Jews, and all "Sabians"Citation needed who are covered by the term Ahl-al-Kitab, or "People of the Book," because they are considered recipients of divine revelation from Allah. However, other scholars, such as those backing militant Islamists, often do not make the distinction in their rhetoric and do often use it to include these religious communities, or any enemy.
In the name of the merciful and compassionate God.
Say, 'O ye misbelievers!
I do not serve what ye serve;
nor will ye serve what I serve;
nor will I serve what ye serve;
nor will ye serve what I serve;
-ye have your religion,
and I have my religion!'
"Say: Was it Allah, or His signs or His Messenger that you were mocking? Make no excuse, you have disbelieved after you had believed." (al-Tauba 65-66).
"And who does more wrong than he who is reminded of the signs of his Lord, then he turns aside therefrom? Verily, We shall exact retribution from the sinners"
The Kafiroon are not to be confused with the Munafiq. The munafiq are Muslim hypocrites.
The term Kafirphobia has been coined (in some instances, rhetorically or humorously ) as mirroring Islamophobia.