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: For the science fiction film, see Equilibrium (2002 film)

Equilibrium or balance is any of a number of related phenomena in the natural and social sciences. In general, a system is said to be in a state of equilibrium if all influences on the system are cancelled by the effects of others. A related concept is Stability; an equilibrium may or may not be stable.

Some examples from the physical sciences:
- Thermodynamic equilibrium, the state of a system in which its internal processes cause no net change in its Macroscopic properties (such as temperature and pressure).
- Chemical equilibrium, the state in which a Chemical reaction proceeds at the same rate as its reverse reaction, resulting in no net change in the amount of each compound.
- A system is in Mechanical equilibrium when the sum of the forces on each particle of the system is zero.
- The weighing instrument Balance relies on an equilibrium.
- In Electronics, a Balanced Signal is also called a differential signal.
Some examples from the biological and social sciences:
- Physical balance of humans and animals is maintained with the aid of the sense of balance, and in special cases with a balance beam.
- Psychologically some balance between desires and Satisfaction is important; somewhat Paradoxically complete satisfaction may not be ideal, it can be argued that perhaps it is better if things are left to be desired.
- An Addiction is any of various forms of unbalanced Behavior.
- In economics, static equilibrium and General equilibrium
- Nash equilibrium in game theory, an optimum strategy for all players in a game, in the sense that no one player can benefit by changing his strategy while all other players keep theirs the same.
- Reflective equilibrium in ethics, a state in which the consequences of one's general principles are consistent with one's opinions about individual cases.
- For individuals and organisations a balance between income and expenses is often important, especially in the long run.
- In various practical matters an equilibrium is useful, e.g. in a Conversation, between talking and listening, or in a personal relationship, between giving and Taking.
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